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Does this Texas CDL handbook cover all test sections?

Yes. The Texas CDL manual covers all knowledge test categories required by state DMVs: General Knowledge, Air Brakes, Combination Vehicles, Hazmat, Tanker, Passenger, School Bus, and Doubles/Triples.

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Texas CDL Manual 2026 — Free Study Guide

Section 1 of 3

Introduction

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%"'January'2019 %$$%% % %%!% %%%#!% "% COPYRIGHT © 2005 AAMVA. All rights reserved This material is based upon work supported by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration under Cooperative Agreement No. DTFH61-97-X-00017. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the Author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration.

This material has been created for and provided to State Driver License Agencies (SDLAs) by AAMVA for the purpose of educating Driver License applicants (Commercial or Non-Commercial). Permission to reproduce, use, distribute or sell this material has been granted to SDLAs only. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system without express written permission from the author / publisher. Any unauthorized reprint, use, distribution or sale of this material is prohibited.

In January 2015, an RV pulled into a truck stop in Virginia. Observant professional truck driver Kevin Kimmel recognized suspicious activity around that RV, which had pulled back by the truck line, and decided something was off. Instead of turning a blind eye, he made a call that brought law enforcement out to the scene within a few minutes. After interviewing the occupants of the vehicle, they discovered that a young woman, 20 years old, had been kidnapped from Iowa two weeks prior. She had been beaten, raped, her whole body burned by instruments heated on the RV stove, branded and starved. She was being sold by her traffickers, Laura Sorenson and Aldair Hodza, through sex ads on Craigslist, where men were purchasing her and then arriving at the RV to rape her. She was dying from malnutrition and the torture she was subjected to … had the call not been made that brought law enforcement out to that truck stop, doctors said she would have died within the next few days. Now a recovering survivor, this young woman calls Kimmel her guardian angel. He calls himself a Trucker Against Trafficking.

Truckers Against Trafficking is a non-profit organization that has been working with the trucking industry since 2009 to provide the needed training and tools to enable members of the industry to both recognize human trafficking when they see it happening and to know what actions to take to enable law enforcement to effectively fight this crime. Through this training and these tools, truckers are becoming Everyday Heroes like Kevin Kimmel, who was also named TAT’s 2015 Harriet Tubman Award winner.

One of the tools TAT provides is a wallet card with red flags to look for, questions to ask if you suspect someone is a victim and actionable information to report. This wallet card is available by App, from the appropriate App Store, on all smart phones, whether Android, iPhone or Windows format, as well as by emailing tat.truckers@gmail.com, for a version to carry in your wallet.

Additionally, TAT provides a powerful, 26-minute training video on its website (www.truckersagainsttrafficking.org), which, when watched along with taking and passing a short test, certifies drivers as TAT-Trained, a designation which can go on your resume. Because professional drivers often find themselves in locations frequented and exploited by human traffickers, they are in a unique position to recognize the signs of human trafficking and to make the call that can lead to victim recovery and perpetrator arrests. Get your wallet card today. Be an Everyday Hero! Make the call (1-888-3737-888); save lives!

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In 1989, the Texas Legislature established the Commercial Driver License Law to comply with the federal Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986. These laws were passed to reduce traffic accidents involving commercial motor vehicles.

The following handbook was designed to assist you, the professional driver, to pass the required knowledge and skills tests. Look for relevant study and review questions at the end of many chapters. Although comprehensive, this handbook is not an exact reference to the Texas Commercial Driver License Law.

Who needs a Commercial Driver License?

All drivers who operate a commercial motor vehicle are required to have a Commercial Driver License. The law does provide for some exemptions. A driver that meets one or more of the criteria listed below will not be required to have a CDL. However, the driver is required to have a Class A, B, or C Non-CDL License.

Who is exempt from a CDL? (Certification form CDL-2 required) Persons operating the following vehicles are exempt from a

Commercial Driver License:

1. A vehicle that is controlled and operated by a farmer, used to transport agricultural products, farm machinery, or farm supplies to or from a farm, not used in the operations of a common or contract motor carrier, and used within 150 air miles of the person’s farm.
2. A fire-fighting or emergency vehicle necessary to the preservation of life or property or the execution of emergency governmental functions, whether operated by an employee of a political subdivision or by a volunteer fire fighter (this includes operators of industrial emergency vehicles).
3. A military vehicle, when operated for military purposes by military personnel, members of the Reserves and National Guard on active duty, including personnel on full-time National Guard duty, personnel on part-time training, and National Guard military technicians.
4. A recreational vehicle that is driven for personal use.
5. A vehicle that is owned, leased, or controlled by an air carrier, as defined by Texas Transportation Code (TRC), Section 21.155, and that is driven or operated exclusively by an employee of the air carrier only on the premises of an airport, as defined by the TRC, Section
6. A vehicle used exclusively to transport seed cotton modules or cotton burrs. Different Classes of Commercial Driver Licenses The three (3) basic types or classes of Commercial Driver Licenses are described below. For further information, refer to Figure 1.2. This helps a person determine which class of license he/she needs and which section(s) of the handbook to study. CLASS A: Any combination of vehicles with a gross combination weight rating of 26,001 pounds or more, provided the gross vehicle weight rating of the vehicle or vehicles towed exceeds 10,000 pounds; CLASS B: Any single vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of 26,001 pounds or more, any one of those vehicles towing a vehicle that does not exceed 10,000 pounds gross vehicle weight rating, and any vehicle designed to transport 24 passengers or more, including the driver; and a Class B license will be restricted to operating busses under 26,001 pounds GVWR if the skills test is taken in a bus with a GVWR of less than 26,001 pounds; and CLASS C: Any single vehicle or combination of vehicles that is not a Class A or Class B if the vehicle is:
1) designed to transport 16 to 23 passengers including the driver; or
2) used in the transportation of hazardous materials that require the vehicle to be placarded under 49 CFR, Part 172, Subpart F. Commercial Learner Permit (CLP)

Prologue

A Commercial Learner Permit (CLP) will be issued to drivers who are applying to drive a commercial vehicle or upgrading an existing commercial driver license. A CLP must be held for a minimum of 14 days prior to being allowed to take the CDL skills test. This applies to original applicants, upgrade in class or adding endorsements which require a skills test.

i A CLP is valid for 180 days or expiration of the base license or lawful presence, whichever is earliest. A CLP is eligible to be renewed one time, 30 days prior to expiration.

In addition to the general driver license restrictions and endorsements, a CDL holder may also have one or more of the following restrictions or endorsements applied to his license.

Endorsements and Restrictions for Commercial Driver License:

For a complete listing of the driver license restrictions and endorsements, visit our web site at http://www.dps.texas.gov/DriverLicense/endrsRestrictions.htm

Farm-Related Service Industry (FRSI) Waiver

The Texas Department of Public Safety may waive the Commercial Driver License (CDL) knowledge and skills tests required by TRC, Section 522.012, and provide for the issuance of a restricted CDL to an employee of a Farm-Related Service Industry (FRSI). Seasonal drivers of the following FRSI are authorized by federal and state regulations to obtain the waiver and be issued a restricted CDL: (1) Farm retail out- lets and suppliers; (2) agrichemical businesses; (3) custom harvesters (includes cotton modular operators); and (4) live-stock feeders. FRSI CDL’s shall be issued for Class B and Class C vehicles only (Class A vehicles are not included in the waiver). The FRSI CDL can only be valid for 180 days each twelve month period as indicated on the license. An applicant for an FRSI CDL must have a good driving record and at least one year of driving experience in any type of vehicle. A driver who has not held any motor vehicle operator’s license for at least one year will not be eligible for the FRSI CDL. Drivers who have between one and two years of driving experience must demonstrate the good driving record requirements for their entire driving history. Drivers with more than two years of driving experience must meet the good driving record requirements for the two-year period preceding their date of application for an FRSI CDL. A good driving record is defined as:

1) No multiple licenses;
2) No driver license suspensions, revocations, disqualifications, or cancellations of any kind;
3) No convictions in any type of motor vehicle for driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, leaving the scene of an accident, or committing any felony involving a motor vehicle;
4) No convictions whatsoever in any type of motor vehicle for serious traffic violations, i.e., speeding at 15 miles per hour or more above the posted speed limit; reckless driving, improper or erratic lane changes; following too closely; driving a CMV without a CDL in possession; or driving a CMV without a CDL; and
5) No convictions in any type of motor vehicle for accident-connected traffic law violations and no record of at-fault accidents. A holder of an FRSI CDL may not transport hazardous materials in quantities requiring placarding except for the following amounts:
1) Transport 1,000 gallons or less of diesel fuel;
2) Transport 3,000 gallons or less of liquid fertilizer; or
3) Transport any quantity of solid fertilizer not mixed with any organic substance. While operating a commercial motor vehicle with a commercial learners permit (CLP), the applicant must have a licensed CDL operator, with the proper class of license, in the front seat. (See Endorsements and Restrictions sections.) Applicants are not required to pass CDL knowledge or skills tests to obtain an FRSI CDL. However, by rule, the Department will require applicants for a Class B FRSI CDL to pass the 20 question Class A-B Rules Test and a Skills Test in a Class B vehicle before the Class B FRSI CDL will be issued. No other placarded hazardous materials shall be transported by holders of an FRSI CDL. The FRSI CDL confers the right to carry hazardous materials as listed above. No hazardous materials endorsement can be placed on an FRSI CDL. ii CDL sanctions/disqualifications apply to the FRSI CDL driver just as they do the unrestricted CDL driver. A driver who operates a commercial motor vehicle that is not included in the farm-related service industry waiver or who violates the restriction on the FRSI is subject to a fine as provided in state law (TRC, Section 522.043), and suspension of driving privileges as provided in state law (TRC, Section 521.294). The FRSI CDL has reciprocity in all states. An applicant for an FRSI CDL must meet all other CDL requirements as provided by 49 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 383, TRC, Section 522, and Department administrative regulations. This includes age (minimum age 18 intrastate commerce and age 21 interstate commerce), language, vision, and physical requirements. Applicants must complete the CDL-1F application form when applying for the FRSI CDL, renewing the FRSI CDL, or changing the seasonal validity period once each year and the applicant’s employer must complete the back side of the application each time. The fees for an FRSI CDL are the same as for a regular CDL. $60 for originals or renewals, $10 each time the seasonal validity period has to be updated (once each year). General Requirements The following are the general requirements a person must meet in order to apply for a Commercial Driver License. INTERSTATE The driver must reside in the state of Texas. Drivers must certify that they meets the qualification requirements of 49 CFR, Part 391, which are briefly:
1) be 21 years of age,
2) be able to read and speak the English language,
3) no loss of limb that has not been waived,
4) no impairment of hand, finger, arm, foot, or leg that interferes with driving,
5) no heart problems,
6) no respiratory dysfunction,
7) no high blood pressure, 9) no epilepsy or other condition likely to cause loss of consciousness,
10) no mental, nervous, organic, or functional disease or psychiatric disorder likely to interfere with vehicle control,
11) vision 20/40 or better in each eye, not color blind,
12) have good hearing,
13) not addicted to drugs, and
14) not addicted to alcohol. Completion of a form CDL-4 is required. INTRASTATE The driver must reside in the state of Texas. The driver must be at least 18 years of age. English language is not required. Intrastate drivers must meet all of the fitness requirements listed above for interstate drivers unless exempted. Intrastate drivers who do not meet the vision requirements of 49 CFR, Part 391 may be able to qualify for a vision waiver. A driver must have 20/40 or better distant vision with or without corrective lenses in order to qualify for the waiver. Applicants for a vision waiver must apply through the Department’s License Issuance Service, PO Box 4087, Austin, Texas 78773-0310. Federal physical requirements of 49 CFR, Part 391, do not apply to the following commercial motor vehicle operators who will be required to hold a CDL, but they must meet state medical and vision requirements. A driver who operates a commercial motor vehicle in intrastate commerce, not transporting property requiring a hazardous material placard, and was regularly employed in Texas in intrastate commerce prior to August 28, 1989. (CDL must be restricted to intrastate). School bus drivers employed by a private or parochial school and school bus drivers employed by a company that operates school busses under contract with a school while transporting school children and/or school personnel from home to school and from school to home. An FRSI CDL driver may only be permitted to operate commercial motor vehicles within 150 miles of the employer’s place of business or the farm currently being served.
8) no rheumatic, arthritic, orthopedic, muscular, neuro- muscular, or vascular problems that would affect vehicle control, iii Persons transporting corpses, sick or injured people. Private transportation of passengers. Intracity zone drivers with limited exception who possess a DOT medical examiner’s certificate restricted to intracity operation. (Medical certificate must be presented to a DPS employee at the time of application). The transportation of farm machinery, supplies, or both, to or from a farm for custom-harvesting operations on a farm or the transporting of custom-harvested operations to storage or market. Drivers operating motor vehicles controlled and operated by a beekeeper engaged in the seasonal transportation of bees. The operation of a vehicle in intrastate operations used in oil or water well servicing or oil or water well drilling and which is constructed as a machine, consisting, in general, of a mast, an engine for power, a draw works, and a chassis permanently constructed or assembled for such purpose. (CDL must be restricted to intrastate). The operation of a mobile crane that is an unladen self-propelled vehicle constructed as a machine used to raise, shift, or lower weights. (CDL must be restricted to intra- state). The completion of either form CDL-5 or CDL-10 is required. Commercial Driver License (CDL) Medical Certification Requirements All Commercial Driver License holders must certify to their Medical Certification Status. For additional information please visit our web site at https://www.dps.texas.gov/DriverLicense/medCertReq.htm Tests A driver must pass certain knowledge and skills tests depending on the type of Commercial Driver License and/or endorsements he needs. These tests are described in Section 1.1 Knowledge Tests The knowledge tests are multiple choice and matching type tests. A person must answer 80% of the questions correctly prior to taking the skills test. Safety Inspection Before the driver begins his skills test the examiner will conduct a safety inspection of the vehicle. This will include equipment requirements, liability insurance requirements, and registration requirements. If the vehicle does not pass inspection, the skills test will be postponed. The vehicle will be inspected for the following:  Current liability insurance  Current registration  Inspection certificate  Headlamps (for bright and dim)  Two tail lamps (one for 1959 models or earlier)  Two stop lamps (one for 1959 models or earlier)  Turn signals (1960 or later models)  Horn  Exhaust system  License plate (current) (2)  Windshield wiper  Rearview mirrors  Safety belt  Approved glass coating material (if applicable)  Clearance lamps  Side marker lamps  Side reflectors  Turn signals (all models)  Hazard warning lamps  Fire extinguisher (if required)  Flashing lights (school bus-two red alternately flashing lamps to the front and rear)  Reflective triangles (if required)  Full service brakes  Hydraulic brake  Parking brake Persons operating a vehicle for a government entity. (This includes school bus drivers employed directly by a school district). Persons occasionally transporting personal property not for compensation nor in the furtherance of a commercial enterprise. Sequence of the Knowledge exams: Texas Commercial Rules General Knowledge Combination (if required) Airbrakes (if required) Double/Triple Trailer (if required) Passenger (if required) School Bus (if required) Tanker (if required) HazMat (if required) iv Basic Vehicle Control Test A driver will tested on the basic vehicle control skills consisting of three of the following: Straight line backing Offset back/right Offset back/left Parallel park (driver side) Parallel park (conventional) Road Test A driver must take a Road Test in the vehicle he plans to drive or one in the same class. The Road Test will consist of the following maneuvers: Start Quick Smooth Stop Upshifting Downshifting Lane Change Merge Use of Lanes Right-of-Way Posture Approach to Corner Traffic Signals Traffic Signs Left Turns Right Turns Intersections Railroad Crossing Curves Roadside Stop/Start Pass or Fail Skills Test Exemptions A driver is exempt from the skills test if he/she can certify to meeting all of the following requirements:
1. He/she is currently licensed.
2. During the two-year period immediately prior to applying for a Commercial Driver License, the driver

a. has not had more than one license;
b. has not had any license suspended, revoked, or cancelled;
c. has not had any convictions for a disqualifying offense for any type of motor vehicle, such as: Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) Driving Under the Influence of Drugs (DUID) Blood/Breath Test Refusal (BBTR) Failed to Stop and Render Aid (FSRA) Felony involving use of a commercial motor vehicle The use of a commercial motor vehicle in the commission of a felony involving manufacturing, distributing, or dispensing a controlled substance Any violation of state or local law relating to motor vehicle traffic control arising in connection with any traffic accident in which the aforementioned driver was at fault
d. has not had more than one serious traffic violation: Speeding 15 mph over the limit Reckless driving Following too close Unsafe lane change A violation of the law relating to traffic control arising in connection with a fatal accident excluding parking, weight, and vehicle defect violations Driving a CMV without a CDL Driving a CMV without a CDL in possession Skills Tests The following factors will result in failure of the Road Test: Having too many deductions (more than 30) Having or causing an accident Driving Dangerously Not cooperating Violating the law All drivers of CMV’s must have the knowledge and skills necessary to operate a CMV safely. The required Skills Tests (road test) consists of three sections: Pre-trip vehicle inspection, basic vehicle control, and safe on-road driving skills. Each section of the skills test must be passed before taking the next section. Section 11, 12, and 13 cover these required skills tests. The official conducting the examination will guide the driver through the Road Tests. If the driver successfully performs the required maneuvers, they will be issued a Commercial Driver License. If not, they will be required to take the Road Test again another day.

3. The applicant is regularly employed in a job requiring the operation of a commercial motor vehicle and v

b. has operated, for at least two years immediately pre- ceding application for a Commercial Driver License, a vehicle representative of the commercial motor vehicle he operates or expects to operate. This exemption only applies to drivers whose two-year driving experience has been legal (properly licensed) and who have been driving vehicles that are exempt (firefighters, farmers, etc.). Texas Drivers Applying for a Commercial Driver License A driver currently licensed in Texas must present their driver license, proof of their Social Security number (examples include: actual Social Security card, health insurance card issued by governmental agencies, peace officer’s license issued by TCLEOSE, military identification card, DD-214, pilot’s license issued by FAA, certified college or university transcript, IRS form W-2 Wage and Tax Statement, Form 1099-MISC, pay stub (stub must include name and SSN) and Medicare or Medicaid card. A facsimile [flea market] or metal Social Security card are not acceptable). Also they will be required to complete an application, a self-certification of medical status, and a Qualification Certification form (CDL-4, CDL-5, or CDL-10) to certify that they meet or are exempt from certain physical qualifications, along with any other necessary certification forms previously mentioned. All the information necessary to take and pass the required CDL tests is contained in the Texas Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Handbook. If a Texas driver is upgrading from a Class C license to a higher class license, he will be required to take the Texas Commercial Rules Test. (See Section 14 of this handbook, page 14-1). Others Applying for a Commercial Driver License Fees A CDL will require a fee of $60.00 for five years. If a driver already has a valid Texas driver license (Class A, B, or C) and converts to a Commercial Drivers License, they will be given a $4.00 credit for each full year remaining on the current license. A $24.00 fee is required for an applicant who obtains a Commercial Leaners Permit (CLP). A $10.00 fee is required for an applicant who makes a change in the class or type of license, endorsement, or restrictions, or one that adds a class of vehicle(s) to a CDL. The fee for a replacement (duplicate) license is $10.00. Implied Consent A person who drives a commercial motor vehicle in this state is deemed to have given consent to submit to the taking of one or more specimens of the person’s breath, blood, or urine for the purpose of analysis to determine the alcohol concentration or the presence in the person’s body of a controlled substance or drug. Not all driver license offices offer skills tests. Office addresses and telephone numbers are located in the telephone book under “Texas Department of Public Safety” or “Drivers License” or visit our website at www.dps.texas.gov. Disqualifications If a driver refuses to submit to a Blood-Alcohol Content test while driving a commercial motor vehicle, they will lose their Commercial Driver License for the period of time specified in the law. Other disqualifications that can cause a driver to lose a Commercial Driver License are explained in Section 1.2, pages 1-2 of this manual. Reporting Convictions Also explained in Section 1.2 is the requirement for a driver to report all traffic convictions to his employer. Any out-of-state traffic convictions must be reported by the out-of-state licensing authority to the Department’s Enforcement and Compliance Service. Application
a. has previously taken and passed a skills test If an applicant does not pass the knowledge and skills tests on the date of the first application, the pending application will be retained in the driver license system for 90 days. If after 90 days or 3 failures, all required tests have not been passed, the application will be cancelled and a new application, fee and tests will be required. given by a state with a classified licensing system and the test was behind-the-wheel in a representative vehicle for that driver license classification; or If a person is applying for a Texas driver license for the first time, they will have to fulfill requirements in addition to those for a Texas driver. They will be required to complete an original application for a Texas driver license and take any knowledge and/or skills tests required. The tests are derived from both the Texas Drivers Handbook and the Texas Commercial Motor Vehicle Drivers Handbook. All necessary forms/hand- books are available at any Driver License Office or visit our website at www.dps.texas.gov. vi Where Do I Go? Not all driver license offices offer skills tests. Office addresses and telephone numbers are located in the telephone book under “Texas Department of Public Safety” or “Drivers License” or visit our website at www.dps.texas.gov. USA PATRIOT ACT The Uniting and Strengthening America by providing Appropriate Tools Required To Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA Patriot) Act was enacted on October 25, 2001. Section 1012 of the USA of the USA PATRIOT Act amended 49 U.S.C. Chapter 51 by adding a new section 5103a titled “Limitation on issuance of hazmat licenses.” Section 5103a(a) (1) provides: A State may not issue to any individual a license to operate a motor vehicle transporting in commerce a hazardous material unless the Secretary of Transportation has first determined, upon receipt of a notification, under subsection (c)(1)(B), that the individual does not pose a security risk warranting denial of the license. Section 5103a(a)(2) subjects license renewals to the same requirements. 7+,6SECTION ,17(17,21$//< /()7%/$1. Are the Tests Difficult? The information contained in this handbook is very technical. A general working knowledge of commercial motor vehicles and their operation may not be sufficient preparation for the CDL tests. Even seasoned, professional commercial drivers NEED to study this handbook before making application for a CDL. (A person should also be familiar with the section titled Special Requirements for Texas Commercial Motor Vehicles. This same information is also found in Section 14 of this CDL Handbook). Section 5103 a(d) requires the Attorney General, upon the request of a State in connection with issuance of a HME, to carry out a background records check of the individual ap- plying for the endorsement and, upon completing the check, to notify the Secretary (as delegated to the Administrator of TSA) of the results. The Secretary then determines whether the individual poses a security risk warranting denial of the endorsement. The background records check must consist of: (1) A check of the relevant criminal history databases; (2) in the case of an alien, a check of the relevant databases to determine the status of the alien under U.S. immigration laws; and (3) as appropriate, a check of the relevant international databases through Interpol-U.S. National Central Bureau or other appropriate means. vii x&RPPHUFLDO'ULYHU/LFHQVH7HVWV x0HGLFDO5HTXLUHPHQWV x'ULYHU'LVTXDOLILFDWLRQV x2WKHU6DIHW\5XOHV x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not LQ H[FHVV RI SRXQGV *9:5 &ODVV % LQFOXGHV VWUDLJKW WUXFNV DQG ODUJH EXVHV LQFOXGLQJDUWLFXODWHGEXVHV6DIHO\GULYLQJWKHVH KHDY\ YHKLFOHV UHTXLUHV FRQVLGHUDEO\ PRUH NQRZOHGJHDQGVNLOOWKDQGULYLQJWKHVPDOOWUXFNVDQG EXVHVIRXQGLQ&ODVV&6LQFHWKH\LQFOXGHWKHVNLOOV UHTXLUHGWRGULYH&ODVV&YHKLFOHVGULYHUVZKRKDYH TXDOLILHGIRUD&ODVV%OLFHQVHPD\DOVRGULYHYHKLFOHV LQ&ODVV& &ODVV&6PDOO9HKLFOHV$Q\VLQJOHYHKLFOHZLWKD *9:5OHVVWKDQSRXQGVIDOOVLQ*URXS&RU DQ\VXFKYHKLFOHWRZLQJDQRWKHUYHKLFOHnotLQ H[FHVVRISRXQGV*9:5+RZHYHUYHKLFOHV RIWKLVVL]HDUHLQFOXGHGLQWKH&'/SURJUDPRQO\LI WKH\DUH'HVLJQHGWRFDUU\RUPRUHSDVVHQJHUV LQFOXGLQJWKHGULYHURU8VHGWRWUDQVSRUW KD]DUGRXV PDWHULDOV LQ TXDQWLWLHV UHTXLULQJ SODFDUGLQJ XQGHU WKH +D]DUGRXV 0DWHULDOV 5HJXODWLRQV &)5 3DUW 6XESDUW ) RU LV FDUU\LQJPDWHULDOOLVWHGDVDVHOHFWDJHQWRUWR[LQLQ &)5SDUW 7KHUH DUH D JUHDW YDULHW\ RI YHKLFOHV LQ &ODVV & 6RPH UDWKHU ODUJH &ODVV & YHKLFOHV PD\ UHTXLUH PRUH VNLOO DQG NQRZOHGJH WR RSHUDWH WKDQ GR WKH VPDOOHU RQHV +RZHYHU WKH OLFHQVLQJ FDWHJRU\ LV EDVHGSULQFLSDOO\RQWKHW\SHRIFDUJRFDUULHG %HFDXVHRIWKHVHULRXVQHVVRIDQDFFLGHQWLQYROYLQJ KD]DUGRXVPDWHULDORUKXPDQSDVVHQJHUVWKHVDIH RSHUDWLRQ RI HYHQ WKH VPDOOHU YHKLFOHV LQ &ODVV & UHTXLUHVVSHFLDONQRZOHGJHDQGWKHGULYHUVRIWKHVH YHKLFOHVPXVWKDYHD&'/ STATE OPTIONS6RPHVWDWHVPD\LQFOXGHPRUH GULYHUV DQG YHKLFOHV LQ WKHLU &'/ SURJUDPV )RU H[DPSOHLQVRPHVWDWHVD&'/PD\EHUHTXLUHGIRU EXVHVGHVLJQHGWRFDUU\IHZHUWKDQSDVVHQJHUV *RLQJ EH\RQG WKH IHGHUDO VWDQGDUG LV DFFHSWDEOH DQGWKHVWDWHZLOOQHHGWRGHFLGHZKLFKEDWWHU\RI WHVWV DSSOLHV WR WKHVH GULYHUV RU GHYHORS D QHZ EDWWHU\ &ODVV$&RPELQDWLRQ9HKLFOHV$Q\FRPELQDWLRQ RIYHKLFOHVZLWKJURVVFRPELQDWLRQZHLJKWUDWLQJ *&:5RIRUPRUHSRXQGVIDOOVLQ*URXS$ SURYLGHGWKH*9:5RIWKHYHKLFOHVEHLQJWRZHGLV more than SRXQGV0RVW &ODVV $ YHKLFOHV DUHWUXFNVVXFKDVWUXFNWUDFWRUVHPLWUDLOHURUWUXFN DQGWUDLOHUFRPELQDWLRQV+RZHYHUWUDFWRUWUDLOHU EXVHVPD\EHIRXQGLQDIHZFRPPXQLWLHV'ULYLQJD &ODVV$YHKLFOHUHTXLUHVFRQVLGHUDEO\PRUHVNLOODQG NQRZOHGJHWKDQGULYLQJYHKLFOHVLQ&ODVVHV%DQG& 6LQFHWKHVHVNLOOVLQFOXGHWKRVHUHTXLUHGWRGULYHD% DQG&YHKLFOHDGULYHUZKRKDVD&ODVV$OLFHQVH DOVRPD\GULYHYHKLFOHVLQ&ODVVHV%DQG& 6HFWLRQ ,1752'8&7,21 7KLV6HFWLRQ&RYHUV Endorsements $OO FRPPHUFLDO GULYHUV ZKR GULYH FHUWDLQ W\SHV RI YHKLFOHV RU KDXO FHUWDLQ W\SHV RI FDUJR PXVW DGG HQGRUVHPHQWV WR WKHLU &'/ OLFHQVH DQGRU &RPPHUFLDO /HDUQHU¶V 3HUPLW &/3 WR VKRZ WKDW WKH\ KDYH WKH VSHFLDOL]HG NQRZOHGJH UHTXLUHG IRU WKHVHRSHUDWLRQV7KHUHDUHVL[NLQGVRI&'/ HQGRUVHPHQWVWKDWPD\EHUHTXLUHGGHSHQGLQJRQ WKHYHKLFOHRUW\SHRIFDUJR NOTE: The only endorsements that may be added to a Commercial Learner’s Permit (CLP) are: - Passenger (P); - School bus (S); and - Tank vehicle (N). 'RXEOHDQG7ULSOH7UDLOHUV70DQ\GULYHUVZKR DUHTXDOLILHGWRGULYH&ODVV$YHKLFOHVPD\ZLVKWR SXOO GRXEOH RU WULSOH WUDLOHUV 5HVHDUFK VKRZV WKDW FRQVLGHUDEOHDGGLWLRQDONQRZOHGJHDQGVNLOOLV QHFHVVDU\WRVDIHO\SXOOGRXEOHDQGWULSOHWUDLOHUVLQ YDULRXVWUDIILFFRQGLWLRQVDQGGULYLQJHQYLURQPHQWV &RQVHTXHQWO\DGGLQJWKHHQGRUVHPHQWWRWKH OLFHQVHVRI&ODVV$GULYHUVLVQHFHVVDU\LIWKH\ZLVK WRSXOOGRXEOHRUWULSOHWUDLOHUV$VSHFLDONQRZOHGJH H[DPLQDWLRQRQWKHSUREOHPVDVVRFLDWHGZLWKSXOOLQJ PXOWLSOHWUDLOHUVPXVWEHSDVVHG 7DQN9HKLFOH1'ULYHUVRIDQ\FRPPHUFLDOPRWRU YHKLFOH WKDW LV GHVLJQHG WR WUDQVSRUW DQ\ OLTXLG RU JDVHRXVPDWHULDOVZLWKLQDWDQNRUWDQNVKDYLQJDQ LQGLYLGXDO UDWHG FDSDFLW\ RI PRUH WKDQ JDOORQV DQGDQDJJUHJDWHUDWHGFDSDFLW\RIJDOORQVRU PRUHWKDWLVHLWKHUSHUPDQHQWO\RUWHPSRUDULO\ DWWDFKHGWRWKHYHKLFOHRUWKHFKDVVLVPXVWREWDLQWKLV HQGRUVHPHQW $SSOLHV WR &ODVV $ % DQG & RQO\ DSSOLFDEOHWR&ODVV&LIWKHYHKLFOHLVKDXOLQJ KD]DUGRXVPDWHULDOVYHKLFOHV. /LTXLGVLQEXONFDXVH GULYLQJFRQWUROSUREOHPVEHFDXVHWKHFDUJRLVKHDY\ SURQHWRVKLIWLQJDQGKDVDKLJKFHQWHURIJUDYLW\ 7KHVHGULYHUVPXVWSDVVDVSHFLDONQRZOHGJH H[DPLQDWLRQRQWKHSUREOHPVSRVHGE\ODUJHYROXPH OLTXLGFDUJRVWRDGGWKHHQGRUVHPHQWWRWKHLU &'/&/3 3DVVHQJHUV3'ULYHUVZKRZLVKWRGULYHDYHKLFOH KDYLQJDGHVLJQFDSDFLW\WRFDUU\RUPRUHSHRSOH LQFOXGLQJWKHGULYHUPXVWDGGDSDVVHQJHU HQGRUVHPHQWWRWKHLU&'/&/37KH\PXVWSDVVD VSHFLDO NQRZOHGJH H[DPLQDWLRQ RQ VDIHW\ FRQVLGHUDWLRQV ZKHQ WUDQVSRUWLQJ SDVVHQJHUV DQG PXVWSDVVVNLOOVWHVWV LQD SDVVHQJHU YHKLFOH7KH HQGRUVHPHQWDSSOLHVWRDSSOLFDQWVZKRZLVKWRGULYH DEXVLQDQ\FODVV$%RU& The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) and the US Department of Transportation require background checks on commercial drivers who are certified to transport hazardous materials. The background checks include a review of criminal, immigration and FBI records. If the driver is found to represent a security threat, TSA will notify the person and the state will deny issuance of an endorsement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n addition to these six required endorsements, states may add special endorsements of their own as they see fit. Restrictions 5HVWULFWLRQV PD\ EH DGGHG WR &RPPHUFLDO 'ULYHU /LFHQVHV3HUPLWVEDVHGXSRQWKHW\SHRIYHKLFOHDQG HTXLSPHQW WKDW WKH GULYHU XVHV IRU WKH 6NLOOV 7HVW 7KHUHDUHWHQVWDQGDUGL]HGUHVWULFWLRQFRGHV NOTE: If a CLP is issued with a Passenger (P) or a School Bus (S) endorsement, it must also contain a (P) – No passengers in a CMV bus restriction. 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2.9.3 – Types of Distractions

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2.9.7 – Watch Out for Other Distracted Drivers

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2.10.2 – Don’t Be an Aggressive Driver

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2.10.3 – What You Should Do When Confronted

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2.16.1 – Select a "Safe" Speed

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2.17.1 – Steering to Avoid a Crash

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2.17.3 – Brake Failure

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2.18.3 – How to Know If Your Vehicle Is

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2.18.4 – How ABS Helps You

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Texas CDL Handbook

Choose Your Format

Table of Contents

Introduction

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Commercial Driver License:

Prologue

1.3.1 – General

1.3.2 – Alcohol, Leaving the Scene of an

1.3.6 – Hazardous Materials Endorsement

2.1.5 – Seven-step Inspection Method

2.1.6 – Inspection during a Trip

2.1.7 – After-trip Inspection and Report

2.2.2 – Steering

2.3.3 – Automatic Transmissions

2.3.4 – Retarders

2.4.2 – Seeing to the Sides and Rear

2.4.1 – Seeing Ahead

2.6.3 – Speed and Curves

2.6.4 – Speed and Distance Ahead

2.6.7 – Roadway Work Zones

2.6.6 – Speed on Downgrades

2.7.1 – Space Ahead

2.7.3 – Space to the Sides

2.7.6 – Space for Turns

2.9.2 – Effects of Distracted Driving

2.9.3 – Types of Distractions

2.9.7 – Watch Out for Other Distracted Drivers

2.10.2 – Don’t Be an Aggressive Driver

2.10.3 – What You Should Do When Confronted

2.14.1 – Vehicle Checks

2.15.2 – Warning Signs and Devices

2.15.3 – Driving Procedures

2.16.1 – Select a "Safe" Speed

2.17.1 – Steering to Avoid a Crash

2.17.3 – Brake Failure

2.18.3 – How to Know If Your Vehicle Is

2.18.4 – How ABS Helps You

2.19.3 – Front-wheel Skids

2.19.1 – Drive-wheel Skids

2.20.1 – Protect the Area

2.21.1 – Causes of Fire

4.1.2 – Access Doors and Panels

4.1.5 – Use Your Seatbelt!

4.3.5 – Railroad-highway Crossing/ Stops

4.3.2 – At Stops

5.1.10 – Application Pressure Gauge

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